discovery / scan / net

Mitre Att&ck Entreprise

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appliance
proto
- dns
- docker
- elasticsearch
- ftp
- icmp
- kerberos
- kibana
- ldap
- mongodb
- mysql
- mssql
- neo4j
- nfs
- postgresql
- rdp
- smb
- ssh
- tcp
- udp
- vnc
- winrm
theory
sources

** Administrative Services **

appliance

proto

🔥 MUST-READ : More network svc on hacktricks.xyz 🔥

dns

default port: 53

hacktricks

adidnsdump -u $zdom_fqdn\$ztarg_user_name -p $ztarg_user_pass $zdom_dc_fqdn

docker

default port: 2375

hacktricks

# scan nmap
nmap -sV --script "docker-*" -p 2375 $ztarg_computer_ip
# scan msf
msf> use exploit/linux/http/docker_daemon_tcp
# get version
curl -s http://$ztarg_computer_ip:2375/version | jq
docker -H $ztarg_computer_ip:2375 version

curl abuse

elasticsearch

default port: 9200
hacktricks

# scan nmap
nmap -sV --script "" -p 9200 $ztarg_computer_ip

# scan metasploit
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/elasticsearch/indices_enum

# scan shodan
port:9200 elasticsearch

# retrieve data
curl --insecure https://$ztarg_computer_ip:9200
curl --insecure https://$ztarg_computer_ip:9200/_security/role
curl --insecure https://$ztarg_computer_ip:9200/_security/user
curl --insecure https://$ztarg_computer_ip:9200/_security/user/$ztarg_user_name
curl --insecure  -X GET https://$ztarg_user_name:$ztarg_user_pass@$ztarg_computer_ip:9200

# dump

ftp

default port: 20,21
hacktricks / thehacker.recipes

# scan nmap
sudo nmap -sV -p21 -sC -A  $ztarg_computer_ip

# scan banner
nc -vn $ztarg_computer_ip 21
openssl s_client -connect $ztarg_computer_ip:21 -starttls ftp #Get certificate if any

# login anonymous
ftp $ztarg_computer_ip

icmp

default port: none
hacktricks

# Active ARP scan
arp-scan 192.168.1.0/24 -I eth0

# PING one host w/ one ICMP echo request
ping -c 1 $ztarg_computer_ip   

# PING an IP range w/ FPING
fping -g $ztarg_subnet

# PING an IP range w/ NMAP and save results to hosts_up file
# Send ICMP timestamp & netmask requests w/ no port scan and no IP reverse lookup 
nmap -PEPM -sP -n -oA hosts_up $ztag_subnet

kerberos

default port: 88
hacktricks / thehacker.recipes

# scan
nmap -p 88 --script=krb5-enum-users --script-args krb5-enum-users.realm=$zdom_fqdn,userdb=x.lst $ztarg_computer_ip

# kerbrute
# https://github.com/ropnop/kerbrute.git ./kerbrute -h

# kerberoasting
GetUserSPNs.py -request -dc-ip $zdom_dc_ip $zdom_fqdn/$ztarg_computer_name

kibana

default port: 5601
hacktricks

#scan nmap https-like
nmap -Pn -sS -sV --script "" -p 5601 $ztarg_computer_ip

#login 
https://$ztarg_computer_ip:5601

ldap

default port: 389, 636 (ldaps)
hacktricks / politoinic / theitbros / specterops
loots : ssh public key, passwords, dump

# scan nmap
nmap -n -sV --script "ldap* and not brute" $ztarg_computer_ip

# login / anonymous / 
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://$ztarg_computer_ip -D '' -w '' -b $ztarg_ou

# login / anonymous / bypass tls sni
ldapsearch -x -H ldaps://$ztarg_computer_ip:636/ -s base -b '' "(objectClass=*)" "*" +

# login / valid account
ldapsearch -x -H ldap://$ztarg_computer_ip -D $zdom'\'$ztarg_user_name -w $ztarg_user_pass -b $ztarg_ou

# login / kerberos cache

# dump / 
pip3 install ldapdomaindump 
# dump / V1
ldapdomaindump $ztarg_computer_ip -u $zdom'\'$ztarg_user_name -p $ztarg_user_pass --no-json --no-grep -o /tmp/$zcase"_"$ztarg_computer_ip"_ldap.dmp"
# dump / V2
ldapdomaindump -r $ztarg_computer_ip -u $zdom'\'$ztarg_user_name -p $ztarg_user_pass --authtype SIMPLE --no-json --no-grep -o /tmp/$zcase"_"$ztarg_computer_ip"_ldap.dmp"

mongodb

default port: 27017
hacktricks

nmap -sV --script "mongo* and default" -p 27017 $ztarg_computer_ip

mysql

default port: 3306
hacktricks / ssrf

# scan / nmap
nmap -sV -p 3306 --script mysql-audit,mysql-databases,mysql-dump-hashes,mysql-empty-password,mysql-enum,mysql-info,mysql-query,mysql-users,mysql-variables,mysql-vuln-cve2012-2122 $ztarg_computer_ip

# scan / metasploit
use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_version
use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_authbypass_hashdump
use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_hashdump #Creds
use auxiliary/admin/mysql/mysql_enum #Creds
use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_schemadump #Creds 
use exploit/windows/mysql/mysql_start_up #Execute commands Windows, Creds

# login / local
mysql -u root # Connect to root without password
mysql -u root -p # A password will be asked (check someone)
mysql -u root -h 127.0.0.1 -e 'show databases;'

# login / remote
mysql -h $ztarg_computer_ip -u root
mysql -h $ztarg_computer_ip -u root@localhost

mssql

default port: 1433
hacktricks / mdf / abuse-ad-mssql

# scan / nmap
sudo nmap --script ms-sql-info,ms-sql-empty-password,ms-sql-xp-cmdshell,ms-sql-config,ms-sql-ntlm-info,ms-sql-tables,ms-sql-hasdbaccess,ms-sql-dac,ms-sql-dump-hashes --script-args mssql.instance-port=1433,mssql.username=$ztarg_user_name,mssql.password=$ztarg_user_pass,mssql-instance-name=XXX -Pn -sV -p 1433 $ztarg_computer_ip

# scan / metasploit / trusted links 
# set username, password, windows auth (if using AD), IP...
use exploit/windows/mssql/mssql_linkcrawler

neo4j

default port: 7474
hacktricks

#scan nmap https-like
nmap -Pn -sS -sV --script "" -p 7474 $ztarg_computer_ip

#login 
https://$ztarg_computer_ip:7474

nfs

default port: 2049
hacktricks / thehacker.recipes

# scan nmap
nmap --script "nfs-showmount or nfs-statfs" -p 2049 -T4 $ztarg_computer_ip
# scan metasploit
msf> scanner/nfs/nfsmount

postgresql

default port: 5432
hacktricks

# scan nmap

# login 
psql -U <myuser> # Open psql console with user
psql -h <host> -U <username> -d <database> # Remote connection
psql -h <host> -p <port> -U <username> -W <password> <database> 

rdp

default port: 3389
hacktricks

# scan nmap
nmap --script "rdp-enum-encryption or rdp-vuln-ms12-020 or rdp-ntlm-info" -p 3389 -T4 $ztarg_computer_ip
# login test
rdesktop -u <username> $ztarg_computer_ip
rdesktop -d <domain> -u <username> -p <password> $ztarg_computer_ip
xfreerdp [/d:domain] /u:<username> /p:<password> /v:$ztarg_computer_ip
xfreerdp [/d:domain] /u:<username> /pth:<hash> /v:$ztarg_computer_ip
rdp_check.py $zz

smb

default port: 139,445
hacktricks / thehacker.recipes / rpcclient

# scan nmap
nmap -p 445 --script smb2-security-mode $ztarg_subnet -o output.txt

# scan metasploit
msf > auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version

# login 
atexec.py $zz@$ztarg_computer_ip systeminfo
dcomexec.py $zz@$ztarg_computer_ip
psexec.py $zz@$ztarg_computer_ip
smbexec.py $zz@$ztarg_computer_ip
wmiexec.py $zz@$ztarg_computer_ip

# mitm
grep -B 9 "not required" output.txt |sed -E '/.*\((.*\..*\..*\..*)\)$/!d' |sed -E 's/.*\((.*\..*\..*\..*)\)$/\1/' > targets.txt
python3 ntlmrelayx.py -tf targets.txt -smb2support

ssh

defaut port: 22
hacktricks / thehacker.recipes

tcp

default port: 1-65535
hacktricks

#? NMAP TCP SYN/Top 100 ports scan
nmap -F -sS -Pn -oA nmap_tcp_fastscan $ztarg_subnet
nmap -F -sS -Pn -oA nmap_tcp_fastscan -iL hosts_up

#? NMAP TCP SYN/Version scan on all port
sudo nmap -sV -Pn -p0- -T4 -A --stats-every 60s --reason -oA nmap_tcp_fullscan $ztarg_subnet
sudo nmap -sV -Pn -p0- -T4 -A --stats-every 60s --reason -oA nmap_tcp_fullscan -iL hosts_up

udp

default port: 1-65535
hacktricks

# NMAP UDP/Fast Scan
nmap -F -sU -Pn -oA nmap_udp_fastscan $ztarg_subnet
nmap -F -sU -Pn -oA nmap_udp_fastscan -iL hosts_up

#? NMAP UDP/Top 1000 ports scan
nmap -sU -Pn -oA nmap_udp_top1000_scan $ztarg_subnet
nmap -sU -Pn -oA nmap_udp_top1000_scan -iL hosts_up

#? NMAP UDP scan on all port scan
sudo nmap -sU -Pn -p0- --reason --stats-every 60s --max-rtt-timeout=50ms --max-retries=1 -oA nmap_udp_fullscan $ztarg_subnet
sudo nmap -sU -Pn -p0- --reason --stats-every 60s --max-rtt-timeout=50ms --max-retries=1 -oA nmap_udp_fullscan -iL hosts_up

vnc

default port: 5900
hacktricks

# scan nmap
nmap -sV --script vnc-info,realvnc-auth-bypass,vnc-title -p <PORT> <IP>
# scan metasploit
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/vnc/vnc_none_auth

winrm

default port: 5985,5986
hacktricks / nse script

# scan nmap
nmap -Pn -sS -sV -p 5985,5986 $ztarg_computer_ip
# login
evil-winrm -u $ztarg_user_name -p $ztarg_user_pass -i $ztarg_computer_ip
evil-winrm -u $ztarg_user_name -H $ztarg_user_nthash -i $ztarg_computer_ip

theory

NMAP Note 0 : Default Behavior

By default, Windows firewall blocks all ICMP packets and NMAP does not scan hosts not answering to ping.
Thus use the option -Pn as workaround

NMAP Note 1 : UDP conns

When the target’s UDP port is open, (except for well-known port) there is no response from the target. NMAP refers the port as being open|filtered.
When the target’s UDP port is closed, the response expected is an ICMP port unreachable. NMAP refers the port as being closed.
For well-known UDP port, NMAP will forge payload (instead of empty). In case of response, NMAP refers the port as being opened.
Due the slowness of scanning UDP connections, run Nmap with the --top-ports <number> option.

NMAP Note 2 : TCP conns

Compare to TCP connect scans, SYN / NULL / Xmas scans have the following common points:
- it is often not logged by applications listening on open ports.
- it requires the ability to create raw packets (as opposed to the full TCP handshake), which is a root privilege by default.
- When the target’s TCP port is open, there is usually no response. Firewall may also respond with no response or with an ICMP port unreachable when filtered.
- When the target’s TCP port is closed, the response expected is an TCP RST if the port is closed.
- Either TCP port are opened or closed, Windows OS respond with a TCP RST.

You may refer to the RFC 793 to get more information about the TCP protocol.

NMAP Note 3 : NSE scripts

NMAP uses the following options for NSE scripts :

--script=<category> where category is one of the following values: safe, intrusive, vuln, exploit, brute, auth, discoevry.
--script=<name> --script-args=<arg1>, <arg2> where you may refer to the /usr/share/nmap/scripts/ directory or nmap.org to get the full list.
--script-help=<name> for help on the script.

NMAP Note 4 : Firewall evasion

-f : use fragments
-mtu : use lower MTU to split packets than 1500 (standard value for ethernet LAN)
--scan-delay <:digit:>ms : avoiding time-based alerts.
--badsum: behavior to test
-S <IP_Address>: Spoof the source address

You may refer to the nmap.org firewall evasion page for futher information.

mindmap

/tool/nmap.png

sources

NMAP SANS cheatsheet